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When a peripheral IV catheter infiltrates, it means that the intravenous fluid or medication has leaked into the surrounding tissues rather than entering the bloodstream. This can lead to several symptoms in the affected area. Swelling occurs as the fluid accumulates in the tissues, and discomfort may arise from both the pressure of the fluid and potential irritation of the local tissue.

The infiltration of the IV fluid can result in localized edema, which is the swelling, as well as possible erythema (redness) and pain. These symptoms are directly due to the body's response to excess fluid in the interstitial space. The presence of discomfort and swelling is a clear indication that the infiltration has occurred, making this option the most fitting description of what may happen in such a scenario.

Other choices do not align with the typical response to infiltration. For instance, while increased blood pressure might occur in certain situations, it is not a common direct result of infiltration. Enhanced drug absorption is also misleading since infiltration does not enhance absorption; rather, it may lead to ineffective treatment if the medication does not reach the bloodstream. Finally, immediate healing would not occur in this situation, as infiltration typically requires intervention to remove the catheter and treat the surrounding issues.