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What is a common consequence of excessive fluid loss in hypertonic dehydration?

Seizures

Excessive fluid loss in hypertonic dehydration leads to a significant increase in serum osmolality, which can cause cellular dehydration and neurological disturbances. One of the most serious consequences of these changes is seizures. The shift in fluids affects the balance of electrolytes, particularly sodium, which is critical for normal neuronal activity. When neurons become dehydrated and electrolyte imbalances occur, the risk of seizure activity increases dramatically.

While other serious conditions such as renal failure, pulmonary edema, and cardiac arrest are potential complications of dehydration in general, they are less directly connected to the specific mechanism of hypertonic dehydration and its effects on the nervous system. Seizures are a more common and immediate manifestation of the central nervous system's response to severe hypertonic states, making it the most appropriate answer in this context.

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Renal failure

Pulmonary edema

Cardiac arrest

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