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The term that refers to the inadvertent administration of a vesicant into surrounding tissue is extravasation. This occurs when a vesicant, a substance that can cause tissue damage, leaks from the blood vessel into the surrounding tissues. The primary concern with extravasation is that it can lead to severe complications, including tissue necrosis, pain, and long-term damage. Prompt recognition and appropriate management are essential to minimize harm.

Infiltration, while it involves the displacement of the intravenous solution into surrounding tissues, generally pertains to non-vesicant solutions and is less severe than extravasation. Phlebitis specifically refers to inflammation of the vein and is characterized by redness, warmth, and swelling at the site, but does not involve the administration of substances into surrounding tissue. An infusion reaction typically describes an adverse response to the medication being infused rather than an issue with the delivery process itself.