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In patients receiving carmustine, monitoring the white blood cell count is crucial due to the drug's potential to cause myelosuppression. Carmustine is a chemotherapy agent that is known to affect the bone marrow, leading to a reduction in the production of white blood cells, which can increase the risk of infections. A significant drop in white blood cells may result in neutropenia, a condition that requires careful monitoring and may necessitate interventions such as growth factor support or adjustments in treatment.

While other laboratory values such as serum potassium, serum creatinine, and platelet count are important to monitor in various clinical contexts, the specific risk of myelosuppression associated with carmustine treatment makes the white blood cell count the most relevant value in this scenario. This understanding is essential for ensuring the patient's safety and for managing any complications that may arise during cancer treatment.